Uninterruptible power supply or UPS system enables you to save data and shut down the computer gracefully, when there is sudden power failure. It enables you to automate backup and shut down procedures if there is power failure while you are away from the computer.
The Standby UPS is the most common type of UPS system used for Personal Computers. It monitors the power line and switches to battery power as soon as it detects a problem. Standby UPS is simple, least expensive, highly efficient, and small in size. A Standby UPS is not that much suitable to deal with voltage sags and low frequency conditions, and may damage your sensitive digital equipment. The system causes unavoidable momentary loss of power which is generally not good for modern computing and telecommunications equipment. The Standby UPS systems can provide adequate noise filtration and surge suppression with the use of proper filter and surge circuitry. The Line Interactive UPS system is the one used for small business, Web, and departmental servers. It uses a continuously on-line battery with an inverter/converter to keep the battery connected to the output. It provides instant back-up, and deals slightly with voltage and frequency problems. Line Interactive UPS system is very efficient, highly reliable, and low cost and provides superior power protection. UPS under 10kVA use the Standby On-Line Hybrid topology. In this type of UPS, the inverter circuit is operated in the on-line mode and the dc-dc converter circuit is operated in the standby mode. The Standby-Ferro UPS was once the dominant form of UPS in the 3-15kVA range. Standby-Ferro UPS has high reliability, excellent line filtering, very low efficiency, and instable when used with some generators and computers. An on-line UPS system avoids the momentary power lapses by constantly providing power from its own inverter, even if the power line is functioning properly. True On-line UPS handles all voltage and frequency problems since all AC input is converted to DC and then back to AC at the proper voltage and frequency. It provides instant back-up since the battery is always in the circuit. The Double Conversion On-Line UPS is the most common type of UPS above 10kVA. This UPS has reduced reliability over other designs, causes reduced efficiency and increased heat generation. The Delta Conversion On-Line UPS eliminates the drawbacks of the Double Conversion On-Line design and is available in the range of 5kVA to 1 MW. During steady state conditions the Delta Converter allows the UPS to deliver power to the load with much greater efficiency than the Double Conversion design. Still there is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. A wise decision has to be made to choose the appropriate UPS for an application, based on the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the UPS. |
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Types of UPS systems
The Evolution Of Data Processing.
Data Processing has changed greatly over time. While one can track the beginnings of the modern analytical computer to Charles Babbage (1791-1871), we really saw the beginning of modern day information systems during World War II when they were used as code busters. After the war, few anticipated how much computers would affect our lives. Early on even IBM thought that there would only be a handful of companies that would need a computer.In those days, computers were massive systems based on vacuum tubes and core memory. With the advent of the integrated circuit, computer architectures took a giant leap forward. The mainframe systems of the late 1980’s evolved into Client/Server applications of the early 1990’s. In parallel, the Internet grew from a few engineer and research systems to a World Wide network. It wasn’t until an Al Gore authored bill allowing commerce to be carried out over the Internet did things really start to change. Every business, every organization, had to carve out a space on “The Net.”The ubiquitous nature of The Internet made it the perfect way for business to have a global reach while maintaining a local presence. Soon, application vendors were making Internet based applications. Today, solution providers are exploiting service oriented architectures and BPEL to provide more agile environments in which to do business.Today, combining Internet access with massive, inexpensive compute power, data processing has been transformed from an ancillary function of accounting departments to mechanisms by which organizations can transform and enhance their internal processing while integrating their interactions with customers and suppliers.The key to modern day data processing is not simply the automation of some manual process. Today, business realizes that data processing, information systems, change the very processes that are used to run the business. They not only do same things more efficiently, the do thins differently.In the past an order was printed and sent to a supplier. The order was received and, if the item was in stock, it was shipped. Items not in stock were placed on back order. Today with Supply chain integration, the entire supply chain is integrated into one network. Warehouse management software notifies suppliers when stock levels drop and order are placed. The suppliers themselves use data mining and CRM (Customer Relationship Management) software to predict ordering patterns and anticipate customer needs.Even how businesses interact with their customers has changed. In the past, businesses used mass marketing to appeal to the greatness number of possible customers. Today, we have mass customization where businesses on a group basis provide customized goods and services.
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